ORGANIC-MINERAL THERMAL INSULATION COMPOSITE: FORMATION OF  A POROUS STRUCTURE

Petr Lipka; Ksenia Mironova; Mikhail Bruyako; Irina Kozlova; Svetlana Samchenko

doi:10.62980/2076-0655-2026-46-59

UDC

691.175

Russian Library and Bibliographic Classification

303

VAK Russia

2.6.17

ORGANIC-MINERAL THERMAL INSULATION COMPOSITE: FORMATION OF A POROUS STRUCTURE

Published in Technique and technology of silicates · Pages 46–59 · Rubric: MAIN RUBRIC

DOI: https://doi.org/10.62980/2076-0655-2026-46-59 · EDN: ZXBUBC

Received: 26.01.2026 Accepted: 24.02.2026 Published: 27.02.2026 Language of publication: RUS

Authors

Petr Lipka

Ksenia Mironova

Mikhail Bruyako

Irina Kozlova

ORCID Scopus ResearcherID SPIN

Svetlana Samchenko

ORCID Scopus ResearcherID SPIN

Petr Lipka

National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Department of Construction Materials Science · Russian Federation · Moscow

Ksenia Mironova

National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Department of Construction Materials Science · Russian Federation · Moscow

Mikhail Bruyako

Academic degree: candidate of technical sciences

Science rang: docent

National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Associate Professor · Department of Construction Materials Science · Russian Federation · Moscow

Irina Kozlova

Academic degree: candidate of technical sciences

Science rang: docent

National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Associate Professor · Department of Construction Materials Science · Russian Federation · Moscow

ORCID Scopus ResearcherID SPIN

Svetlana Samchenko

Academic degree: doctor of technical sciences

Science rang: professor

National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Head of Department · Department of Construction Materials Science · Russian Federation · Moscow

ORCID Scopus ResearcherID SPIN

ABSTRACT

Introduction. This article examines an organo-mineral thermal insulation composite based on a reactive mixture for the synthesis of rigid polyurethane foam, modified with a silicate component—sodium metasilicate pentahydrate (Na₂SiO₃·5H₂O) of two fractions (0.9–1.25 mm and 0.1–0.315 mm. The study investigates the effect of this additive on the formation of the composite’s pore structure by analyzing the processes of foaming and polymer formation (nucleation and growth of gas bubbles, their uniform distribution, and stabilization within the polymer matrix). Materials and methods. The following components were selected as raw materials for the studies: Isocyanate component (IC), isocyanate – a liquid, reactive oligomer containing NCO functional groups. Polyol component (PC). Silicate component (SC) – crystalline hydrate of sodium metasilicate (Na2SiO3·5H2O)). The method for producing the organo-mineral thermal insulation composite consists of free foaming of the components of the reaction mixture. The ratio of components for all compositions of the reactive composition is constant and is IR:PC = 1.8:1. The silicate component was introduced into the composition in amounts of 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90% relative to the content of the reactive composition for producing rigid polyurethane foam. Results. It was found that the silicate component accelerates foaming and polymerization processes, and varying its dispersion allows for the degree of influence on these processes to be controlled. This is due to changes in the spatial dispersion structure throughout the material volume and the surface area of contact between the silicate component and the reactive oligomer mixture phases. Modification with a finely dispersed fraction (0.1-0.315 mm) of the silicate component leads to an “explosive” nature of foaming, which, together with the acceleration of polymer formation processes, leads to a disrupted structure prone to shrinkage. At a loading of up to 90%, the average pore diameter decreases from 343 µm to 186 µm (a 46% reduction), and the cell walls become thinner, decreasing from 21.3 µm to 9.3 µm (an average reduction of 55%). Modification with the coarse fraction (0.9–1.25 mm) of the silicate component exerts a more balanced effect on the acceleration of foaming and polymer formation. Conclusions. The silicate component in the reactive mixture accelerates the processes of foaming and polymer formation, and its varying dispersion makes it possible to regulate the degree of influence on these processes by altering the spatial structure of dispersion throughout the material volume and the interfacial contact area between the silicate component and the reactive oligomer mixture.

KEYWORDS

silicate component, sodium metasilicate, crystalline hydrate, dispersion, pore structure, foaming, rigid polyurethane foam

Funding

Rabota vypolnena v NIU MGSU v ramkah realizacii Programmy razvitiya universiteta «PRIORITET 2030». Proekt 3.1 «Nauchnyy proryv v stroitel'noy otrasli – novye tehnologii, novye materialy, novye metody».

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GOST

Lipka P. A., Mironova K. A., Bruyako M. G., Kozlova I. V., Samchenko S. V. ORGANIC-MINERAL THERMAL INSULATION COMPOSITE: FORMATION OF A POROUS STRUCTURE // . 2026. pp. 46-59. DOI: https://doi.org/10.62980/2076-0655-2026-46-59. EDN: ZXBUBC. (Date of access 20.08.2026).

MLA

Petr Lipka, Mironova K. A., Bruyako M. G., Kozlova I. V., Samchenko S. V.. "ORGANIC-MINERAL THERMAL INSULATION COMPOSITE: FORMATION OF A POROUS STRUCTURE." (2026): 46-59. DOI: https://doi.org/10.62980/2076-0655-2026-46-59. EDN: ZXBUBC.

APA

Lipka P. A., Mironova K. A., Bruyako M. G., Kozlova I. V., Samchenko S. V. (2026). ORGANIC-MINERAL THERMAL INSULATION COMPOSITE: FORMATION OF A POROUS STRUCTURE. , 46-59. https://doi.org/10.62980/2076-0655-2026-46-59 EDN: ZXBUBC.

Chicago

Petr Lipka, Mironova K. A., Bruyako M. G., Kozlova I. V., Samchenko S. V.. "ORGANIC-MINERAL THERMAL INSULATION COMPOSITE: FORMATION OF A POROUS STRUCTURE." , no. (2026): 46-59. https://doi.org/10.62980/2076-0655-2026-46-59. EDN: ZXBUBC.

WIKI

{{cite journal | author = Lipka P. A., Mironova K. A., Bruyako M. G., Kozlova I. V., Samchenko S. V. | title = ORGANIC-MINERAL THERMAL INSULATION COMPOSITE: FORMATION OF A POROUS STRUCTURE | journal = | year = 2026 | pages = 46-59 | doi = 10.62980/2076-0655-2026-46-59 }} EDN: ZXBUBC

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